The Role Of Aluminum Shell In Lithium Batteries And The Difference Between Lithium Batteries
Nov 18, 2024
Lithium battery aluminum shell is a battery shell made of aluminum alloy material. It is mainly used in square lithium batteries. The reason why lithium batteries are packaged in aluminum is that it is light weight and safer than steel . Lithium battery aluminum shells are designed with square corners and rounded corners. The material is generally aluminum-manganese alloy. The main alloy components it contains are Mn, Cu, Mg, Si, Fe, etc. They play different roles in the alloy. For example, Cu and Mg improve strength and hardness, Mn improves corrosion resistance, Si can enhance the heat treatment effect of magnesium-containing aluminum alloys, and Fe can improve high-temperature strength.
The aluminum shell alloy material structure of lithium batteries has significant safety performance considerations. This safety performance can be expressed by the material thickness and bulging coefficient. The reason why aluminum battery box with the same capacity are lighter than those with steel cases is because the aluminum can be made thinner. Judging from the working mechanism of lithium batteries, during charging, lithium ions are deintercalated and the positive electrode expands in volume. During discharge, lithium ions are embedded from the positive electrode and the negative electrode expands. This will cause physical expansion. The bulging coefficient can be reduced through appropriate alloy formulas.
The difference between soft-pack lithium batteries and aluminum-cased lithium batteries:
1. There are still many technical problems to be solved in soft-pack lithium batteries, especially in terms of battery cycle expansion indicators. Most battery cell manufacturers have not yet solved this problem. The manufacturing automation level of lithium batteries covered in aluminum battery case is higher than that of soft-pack lithium batteries. Therefore, the impact of human factors on product consistency is reduced to a certain extent, while labor costs are saved.
2. From the perspective of manufacturing costs, aluminum-shell battery materials have been completely localized, while aluminum-plastic film materials for soft-pack lithium batteries still need to be imported, and aluminum-shell batteries have lower technical requirements for battery materials than soft-pack lithium batteries. Therefore, the overall material cost is about 10% lower than that of soft-pack lithium batteries with the same capacity. In addition, the processing of the finished product is simple, reliable and has obvious cost advantages.
3. From the perspective of market segments, the application fields of them are both different and overlapping. The two are respectively applied to mid-to-high-end and mid-to-low-end products in consumer electronics categories. In areas with higher consumption levels, such as European and American countries, the use of soft-pack lithium-ion batteries has an advantage; while in most developing countries, such as India and the Middle East,lithium batteries cased in lithium battery aluminum Case have obvious advantages. The overlap in application fields is reflected in the high-end smartphone market, which has the largest number of applications.
4. Aluminum-cased lithium batteries have an overall price advantage, and the company's initial capital investment will be lower than soft-pack lithium-ion batteries. Soft-pack lithium-ion batteries are mainly aimed at the mid-to-high-end market. The profit margin per unit product is relatively high. Under the same production capacity conditions, the relative profit is higher than that of aluminum-shell batteries, and the capital return cycle is also short. Since aluminum-shell batteries are easy to form economies of scale, product qualification rates and costs are easy to control, both currently have considerable profits in their respective market areas.
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