New Technology Breakthrough: High Energy Storage Supercapacitors

Supercapacitors play an important role as backup power sources in various applications such as smartphones, cars, and compact electronic devices. Unlike traditional batteries, supercapacitors excel in providing brief and powerful energy bursts but perform poorly in long-term power supply. In order to improve the performance of supercapacitors, researchers from the Higher School of Economics (HSE MIEM) of the Russian National Research University have designed a mathematical model to enhance the storage capacity of capacitors by using polymer-based alternative electrolytes. The research findings are published in the journal Physical Review E.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A supercapacitor is composed of metal electrodes immersed in an electrolyte, which is a liquid solution containing charged particles. Researchers used Polyelectrolytes instead of traditional low molecular-weight electrolytes to improve the capacitance of capacitors.

 

Polyelectrolytes can attract electrodes more effectively because a charged polymer chain is more attractive than a low molecular weight electrolyte. The researchers' mathematical model revealed that when the pores of the electrode are narrow, the polymer chains of the electrolyte cannot penetrate the pore wall due to electrostatic repulsion.

Yury Budkov, one of the authors of the study and HSE MIEM professor, explained: "We can improve the capacitance by using Polyelectrolyte, but at the same time we need to avoid any potential adverse effects. We have determined the parameters of the best performance of the polymer, and believe that the proper use of Polyelectrolyte can achieve more energy storage."

 

Supercapacitors have many advantages over traditional batteries, such as less wear and longer service life. In addition, supercapacitors exhibit excellent performance over a wider temperature range (-40 ° C to+65 ° C), which is wider than the operating range of lithium-ion batteries.

The application fields of supercapacitors are very extensive, including renewable energy, robotics technology, and public transportation. For example, some electric buses use supercapacitors to quickly charge during parking and be able to quickly reach their next destination.

This study is part of a broader research project, and researchers plan to further investigate the double-layer behavior at the metal electrolyte interface and evaluate differential capacitance through numerical modeling. Through an in-depth understanding of the physical and Chemical processes in the electric double layer, engineers can better develop supercapacitors and ultimately create more powerful and efficient equipment.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This breakthrough research brings new possibilities for the development of supercapacitor technology, which may drive more innovation and improve the performance of energy storage and mobile devices in the future.

 

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