Classification and industry knowledge analysis of EV charging cabinet

With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the market demand for charging piles as core supporting infrastructure continues to rise, and the industry has vast development space, making it a highly promising sunrise industry. Nowadays, new energy vehicles have been widely popularized and can be seen everywhere on the streets and alleys, but most people still have limited understanding of their core energy supply equipment - Lithium battery charging cabinet.

Lithium ion battery charging cabinet, also known as electric vehicle power supply equipment, is a specialized device designed to provide charging services for plug-in new energy vehicles. It is mainly installed in public buildings, shopping malls, parking lots, operation vehicle charging stations and other public places, as well as private parking spaces in residential areas. The power input end of the equipment is directly connected to the AC power grid, and it is connected to the vehicle through a charging plug to complete the transmission and storage of electrical energy, ensuring the normal operation of electric vehicles. At present, under the mainstream operating mode of the industry, the relevant participating entities are mainly divided into four categories: government and power grid enterprises, automobile manufacturers, professional operators, and end users.

Distinguishing by charging type is the most core classification method for EV charging cabinets, mainly divided into two categories: AC charging piles and DC charging piles. There are significant differences between the two in terms of working principle, charging speed, application scenarios, and technical requirements. AC charging stations belong to slow charging devices and are widely used in public and private charging scenarios. They mainly provide AC power for new energy vehicles equipped with on-board charging devices. The charging current is small, the power is low, and it usually takes 7-10 hours to fully charge. The working voltage is divided into 220V single-phase and 380V three-phase. In civilian scenarios, 7kW single-phase or 42kW three-phase specifications are commonly used, which are easy to install and cost-effective. They are suitable for long-term parking and charging in residential areas, office buildings, and other scenarios.

High-power DC charging is a fast charging and ultra fast charging device that focuses on public charging scenarios. It can directly convert AC power from the power grid into DC power for direct charging of vehicle power batteries. The charging current is large and the power span is wide. The conventional power is 30kW-120kW, and the ultra fast charging model can reach a power of over 200kW. It only takes 1-2 hours to fully charge, and the ultra fast charging model can be shortened to several tens of minutes, which is suitable for the fast charging needs of public places. However, it has higher requirements for power grid supply, equipment safety, and heat dissipation technology. The DC charging pile integrates multiple modules such as power conversion, control, communication, and metering internally, with a more complex structure that can be further divided into integrated, split, single gun, dual gun, and other types. Ultra fast charging piles often use liquid cooling technology, with higher integration and smaller volume.

In addition to charging types, Lithium-ion battery chargers can also be subdivided into five dimensions: installation method, installation location, number of charging interfaces, service targets, and charging speed, to adapt to different scenarios and needs. According to the installation method, it can be divided into column type and wall mounted type. Column type is mostly used for outdoor or carport installation, while wall mounted type saves space and is more common in indoor parking lots, mainly for AC slow charging.

According to the installation location, it is divided into public Battery charging stations, dedicated charging piles, and self use charging piles. The public piles face public vehicles, the dedicated piles are for internal use within the unit, and the self use piles are exclusive to private parking spaces, with outdoor piles having a protection level of not less than IP54 and indoor piles having a protection level of not less than IP32; According to the number of charging interfaces, it can be divided into one charging station and one multi charging station.

The former is the mainstream in the market, while the latter is suitable for multi vehicle centralized charging scenarios such as bus stations and large parking lots; According to the service target, it is also divided into three categories: public, dedicated, and self use, which is consistent with the classification logic of the installation location; According to the charging speed, it directly corresponds to slow charging docks (AC piles) and fast charging docks (DC piles). The power of slow charging docks is mostly 3.5kW-15kW, relying on car chargers to convert electricity. The power of fast charging docks starts from 30kW and can directly supply batteries, adapting to different emergency and daily charging needs.

The selection of Modular battery charging cabinet should be based on the usage scenario and requirements. DC fast charging or ultra fast charging piles should be preferred for public scenarios, high-speed service areas, and commercial places. They have high charging efficiency and are suitable for temporary power replenishment needs, but require complex installation, high-power transformers, and professional maintenance; Long term parking scenarios in residential areas, private households, etc. are suitable for slow charging stations with low cost and battery friendliness; For emergency power replenishment during long-distance travel, ultra fast charging stations can be chosen. Currently, ultra fast charging technology is still being continuously upgraded, and the compatible vehicle models are gradually expanding.

Overall, the fast and slow charging division of Compact battery charging cabinets is the result of comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as technology, scenarios, and costs. In the future, with the iteration of new energy vehicle technology and the upgrading of market demand, the charging pile industry will develop towards higher power, higher integration, and more intelligence. Charging efficiency and safety will continue to be optimized to better meet the diversified charging needs of end users and help promote the comprehensive popularization of the new energy vehicle industry.

As a professional EV charging cabinet R&D and production manufacturer, we can provide a full range of AC and DC charging stations as well as customized solutions. If you have any related needs such as product procurement, mass customization, or technical consultation, please feel free to contact us for negotiation at any time.