Deep understanding: AI liquid cooled Server rack cabinet

The core difference between AI Network rack and traditional servers lies in the significant increase in computing power density. The power consumption of a single high-end GPU can reach several hundred watts, and the total power consumption of deploying multiple GPUs in a single cabinet can exceed tens of kilowatts. Heat dissipation directly becomes the core key to the stable operation of AI Data cabinet.

Traditional air cooling technology relies on air convection for heat dissipation, with low specific heat capacity and limited efficiency, which can increase the PUE value of data centers to 1.5-2.0. It not only has high energy consumption and noise, but also cannot meet the strict stability requirements of AI large model training. Short term overheating and frequency reduction can lead to training task failure. Therefore, heat dissipation upgrade is a necessary option for AI infrastructure, not an optional one.

The core logic of the iteration of Data rack heat dissipation technology is to directly contact the heating components with high specific heat capacity media to improve heat dissipation efficiency. Three types of cabinets, air-cooled, board cooled, and fully liquid cooled, each have their own adaptation scenarios, and can be selected according to needs.

Air cooled Rack mount Cabinet is a traditional mainstream solution with a simple principle and structure. It relies on fans to circulate cold air for heat dissipation. With mature technology and low cost, it is a common choice for basic computer rooms.

Plate cooling is a transitional solution that adds liquid cooling pipelines and leakage monitoring components on top of air cooling. It provides precise heat dissipation for high-power components such as CPUs and GPUs, while retaining air cooling for low-power components, balancing efficiency and equipment compatibility.

The fully liquid cooled Small network cabinet is designed for high-density computing scenarios, completely abandoning fans. All core components are directly dispersed through liquid cooling, and the PUE value of some immersion schemes can be as low as 1.05 or below. Combined with an air liquid heat exchanger and full process leakage monitoring, the heat dissipation performance and stability are greatly advanced.

The popularization of all liquid cooling technology is driving server architecture upgrades, and there are three core differences between traditional Computer racks and AI servers in terms of liquid cooling adaptation. In terms of architecture and heat dissipation coverage, traditional servers use X86 architecture, with only the CPU supporting liquid cooling; The AI server adopts ARM architecture to achieve comprehensive liquid cooling of XPU+CPU and is suitable for high-density GPU clusters.

In terms of switch node design, traditional server switch nodes rely on air cooling and cable transmission for data; The AI Vertical server rack exchange node comes with a liquid cooling module, which enables full link liquid cooling. It exchanges through a backplane wireless cable, providing stronger stability. In terms of liquid cooling pipeline layout, traditional servers only have server nodes equipped with liquid cooling pipelines, while AI servers achieve dual pipeline coverage between servers and exchange nodes, providing more comprehensive heat dissipation.

With the development of technologies such as large models and autonomous driving, the demand for computing power is growing exponentially, and liquid cooling technology has become a core standard for AI infrastructure. The three types of Outdoor network cabinets will form clear scene differentiation.

Air cooled cabinets are gradually phasing out of high-density scenarios and are only used in traditional small and medium-sized low-power computer rooms; Board cooled cabinets have outstanding cost-effectiveness and compatibility, becoming the main force for upgrading and renovating existing computer rooms; The fully liquid cooled Small server cabinet, with its low PUE and high efficiency advantages, has become a standard configuration for AI supercomputing centers and large data centers. Driven by the dual goals of carbon neutrality and the AI wave, liquid cooling technology has shifted from high-end options to core infrastructure, and the process of industry popularization and technological upgrading will continue to accelerate.

If you need to know the selection scheme, technical parameters or project adaptation suggestions of various Server rack cabinets, please feel free to communicate and consult with us at any time. We can provide professional docking solutions and customized reference plans based on your computing power scenarios and deployment needs, helping to efficiently promote data center upgrades and AI computing power layout.